Yasmin

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Yasmin is a low-dose monophasic oral combined estrogen-progestogen contraceptive. These pills consist of hormones and calcium levomefolate. Placebo tablets contain only calcium levomefolate.

The contraceptive effect of this birth control pills is based on the interaction of various factors. These factors include the suppression of ovulation, increased viscosity of the cervical secretion and endometrium changes.

In women taking Yasmin, the menstrual cycle becomes more regular. The soreness, intensity, and duration of menstrual bleeding decrease. It contributes to a reduced risk of iron deficiency anemia. There is also supposition this drug helps reduce the risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer.

Indications

  • Contraception, primarily in women with symptoms of hormone-dependent fluid body retention;
  • Treatment of acne (acne vulgaris) of moderate severity;
  • Contraception in women with folate deficiency;
  • Treatment of severe PMS.

Dosage and administration

Oral administration. The drug is taken in the order indicated on the package. The regimen: daily intake at the same time, with a small amount of water. Take 1 tablet per day, continuously, for 28 days. The reception of tablets from the next package begins immediately after the previous blister is over.

Withdrawal bleeding, as a rule, starts on the 2nd – 3rd day after the start of taking inactive tablets. Inactive pills may not be yet over before taking the tablets from the next package.

Contraindications

Yasmin is contraindicated in the presence of any of the conditions/diseases/risk factors listed below. If any of these conditions/diseases develop for the first time during administration, the drug should be immediately discontinued:

  • hypersensitivity or intolerance to drospirenone, ethinyl estradiol;
  • thrombosis (venous and arterial) and thromboembolism (including deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary thromboembolism, myocardial infarction, stroke);
  • cerebrovascular disorders – currently or in the anamnesis;
  • conditions preceding thrombosis (including transient ischemic attacks, angina pectoris) at present or in the history;
  • acquired or hereditary predisposition to venous or arterial thrombosis;
  • migraine with focal neurological symptoms at present or in the anamnesis;
  • pancreatitis with severe hypertriglyceridemia at present or in the anamnesis;
  • diabetes mellitus accompanied by vascular complications;
  • hepatic failure, severe acute or severe chronic hepatic disease;
  • combined use with direct-acting antiviral drugs (DAAs) containing ombitasvir, paritaprevir, dasabuvir or a combination of these substances;
  • severe and/or acute kidney failure;
  • hepatic tumors (benign or malignant) at present or in the anamnesis;
  • detected or supposed hormone-dependent malignant neoplasms (including genital organs or mammary gland);
  • vaginal bleeding of unknown origin;
  • rare hereditary lactose intolerance, lactase deficiency or glucose-galactose malabsorption;
  • pregnancy;
  • breastfeeding.

Side effects

  • Infectious and parasitic diseases: rarely – candidiasis.
  • Blood and lymphatic system: rarely – anemia, thrombocytopenia.
  • Immune system: rarely – allergic reactions; frequency unknown – hypersensitivity.
  • Metabolism and nutrition: rarely – increased appetite, anorexia, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia.
  • Mental health: often – emotional lability, depression, decreased libido; infrequently – nervousness, drowsiness; rarely – anorgasmia, insomnia.
  • Nervous system: often – headache; infrequently – dizziness, paresthesia; rarely – vertigo, tremor.
  • The organ of vision: rarely – conjunctivitis, the dry mucous membrane of the eyes.
  • Cardiovascular system: often – migraine; infrequently – varicose veins, increased blood pressure; rarely tachycardia, phlebitis, nosebleeds, fainting, venous thromboembolism, arterial thromboembolism.
  • Digestive tract: often – nausea; infrequently – abdominal pain, vomiting, dyspepsia, flatulence, gastritis, diarrhea; rarely – bloating, a hiatal hernia, oral cavity candidiasis, constipation, dry mouth.
  • Liver and biliary tract: rarely – biliary dyskinesia, cholecystitis.
  • Skin and subcutaneous tissues: infrequently – acne, itching, rash; rarely – chloasma, eczema, alopecia, acne dermatitis, dry skin, erythema nodosum, hypertrichosis, striae, contact dermatitis, photodermatitis, skin nodules; frequency unknown – erythema multiforme.From the musculoskeletal system: infrequently – back pain, pain in the limbs, muscle cramps.
  • Genitals and mammary gland: often – pain in the mammary glands, metrorrhagia, lack of menstrual bleeding; infrequently – vaginal candidiasis, pelvic area pain, enlargement of the mammary glands, fibrocystic masses in the mammary gland, spotting/bleeding from the genital tract, secretions from the genital tract, hot flashes, vaginitis, painful menstrual bleeding, ample menstrual bleeding, vaginal mucosa dryness, pathological results of the Papanicolaou test; rarely – dyspareunia, vulvovaginitis, postcoital bleeding, withdrawal bleeding, breast hyperplasia, neoplasm in the mammary gland, cervical polyp, endometrial atrophy, ovarian cyst, uterine enlargement.
  • Laboratory and instrumental data: infrequently – weight gain; rarely – weight loss.
  • Other: infrequently – asthenia, increased sweating, edema (generalized edema, peripheral edema, facial edema); rarely – malaise.

Overdose

No severe overdose violations have been registered. Symptoms statistics are based on the total experience with the use of combined oral contraceptives. Possible side effects are:

  • nausea;
  • vomiting;
  • spotting;
  • metrorrhagia.

Treatment: there is no specific antidote, symptomatic treatment should be carried out.